← History overview

The Open Web, 2000–2026

Tracery, NaNoGenMo, bots, and grammar engines for everyone

In the twenty-first century, combinatorial grammar left the lab and became a popular craft. Browsers and open-source tools put the same recombinant techniques — vocabularies, rules, and substitution — into the hands of poets, game designers, and hobbyists. Story Grammar sits squarely in this tradition.

Generative methods as a discipline

Nick Montfort's 10 PRINT study and his teaching of generative methods reframed recombinant text as a serious computational art practice, tracing it back to the eras covered here.[1] The genre acquired textbooks, journals, and a critical vocabulary.

Tracery and grammars for all

Kate Compton's Tracery (2015) reduced context-free grammar generation to a JSON object of rules, making expansion-based text generation accessible to non-programmers and powering a wave of creative bots.[2] Story Grammar's rule-and-modifier model follows the same lineage.

NaNoGenMo and the bot ecosystem

Darius Kazemi's National Novel Generation Month (NaNoGenMo), begun in 2013, challenges participants to write code that writes a 50,000-word novel — an annual showcase of grammars, Markov chains, and procedural text.[3] Generative bots flourished on the open social web and on platforms like Cheap Bots Done Quick.

"Spend the month writing code that writes a novel." — NaNoGenMo, est. 2013

Grammars beside the models

Even as large language models came to dominate, rule-based generators kept their place for the same reasons the Oulipo prized constraint: they are transparent, controllable, and reproducible. Story Grammar (2024–2026) continues the line — a small, auditable combinatorial grammar for narrative projects, the latest entry in a story that runs back to Mallarmé's dice.[4]

References

  1. Montfort, Nick, et al. 10 PRINT CHR$(205.5+RND(1)); : GOTO 10. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2013.
  2. Compton, Kate, Ben Kybartas, and Michael Mateas. "Tracery: An Author-Focused Generative Text Tool." Interactive Storytelling (ICIDS 2015), Springer, 2015, pp. 154–161.
  3. Kazemi, Darius. "National Novel Generation Month (NaNoGenMo)." 2013–present, github.com/NaNoGenMo.
  4. Cox, Dan. Story Grammar: A Combinatorial Grammar for Narrative Projects. 2024–2026, github.com/videlais/story-grammar.